Financing 3/1
Characteristics of the companies
Individuel Entreprise
An idividual enterprise is an enterprise owned by a single person that does not have independent legal personality.
The individual enterprises are the preferred form of microenterprise
The advantages of an inidivdual enterprise are
- Simplified formalities
- There is no minimum capital
- Independence and freedom in decision-making
Partnership Company
- Consists of two or more partners
- The number of people does not exceed twenty except in the case of inheritance (provided that each of them has completed eighteen years of age)
- Each partner is jointly liable for the company's debts in his own money and not only to the extent of his share
- A partner in a Partnership company may unilaterally withdraw from the company if it is for an unlimited period
- Joint liability in the private funds of the partners
Limited Partnership
- A hybrid company between the joint partners and the owners of the money (the trustees)
- The joint partner is jointly liable for the company's debts from his own money and not only the amount of his share
- The limited partner is liable for limited liability to the extent of his share, and his name does not appear in the company's address, and he is also prohibited from interfering in its management
Companies law no. (40) for the year 2002
- The limited partner has the right to unilaterally assign his share to another person and without the need to obtain the consent of the general partners
- A limited partner may not participate in managing the affairs of a limited partnership company otherwise he will be jointly liable for its debts
Limited Liability Company
- Consists of two or more partners
- The responsibility of the partner in it according to his share in the capital
- It may be owned by one partner
- A partner is not liable for debts, obligations and losses except to the extent of his shares in the company.
- A limited liability company may not offer its shares, increase its capital, or borrow by way of subscription.
Public Shareholding Compagny
- The number of founders shall not be less than 2
- Shares are offered for public subscription and reports on the financial returns to its shareholders
Examples of public shareholding companies
- Holding Company: : is a public shareholding company that was established for the purpose of owning shares of other companies, managing these companies and providing them with financing.
- Joint Investment Company: a public shareholding company registered in a separate register with the Companies Control Directorate and its purpose is to encourage and facilitate international investment in exchanged securities in the Oman Stock Exchange.
- The financial disclosure of a public shareholding company is independent of the financial disclosure of each shareholder
- The authorized capital is not less than five hundred thousand
Private shareholding company
- Consists of two or more people, but no more than 200 shareholders
- The owner of the capital is asked about the company's obligations to the extent of the capital contained in its articles of incorporation
- It does not offer its shares for public subscription
- The financial disclosure of the private shareholding company is considered independent of the financial disclosure of each shareholder.
- It does not offer its shares for public subscription
Company limited by shares
- 5 5 partners at least (two partners at least and 3 shareholding companies at least)
- The shareholders partners are jointly liable for the company's debts with their own money
- Contributing partners are responsible for the company's debts to the extent of their contribution to the capital
- It is permissible for the full partners and the participating partners to agree in the company's articles of association and its regulation on the existence of types of shares that have voting power.
- The full partners are jointly liable for the company's debts with their own money
Analytical study of the market and the financial feasibility of the project
This step is important in establishing the project from scratch and it is linked mainly to conducting a market survey. This survey shall include the following:
- Accurate and detailed identification of the target market and its size.
- Accurate identification of potential clients.
- Indicating the priority of the site for establishing the project.
- Measuring the ratio of supply and demand
- Measuring the degree of competition
- Studying the expected costs to be disbursed and the profits expected to be obtained
Among the most important decisions that shall be taken to determine the amount of funding required is:
- Determining the capital by importantly estimating the initial one-time construction costs (licenses and permits, equipment, legal fees, insurance, brand acquisition and market research, inventory, brand building, grand opening events, property rental, etc.
- Determining the expenses that you estimate you will need to keep your business open for at least 12 months (rent or purchase value and utilities, marketing and advertising, production, supplies, travel expenses, employee salaries, your salary, etc.). Therefore, the sum of these numbers represents the amount of the initial investment that you will need or the estimate of the starting capital.
The following list includes some of the authorities concerned with providing funds to assist the investor in starting his own project:
